Electrocardiography (ECG/EKG)
| 常見問題 Questions | 說明 Explanation |
|---|---|
| 心肌缺血 Myocardial Ischemia | 心肌因供血不足而出現的病變，通常由冠狀動脈阻塞引起。 Pathological condition of the myocardium due to insufficient blood supply, usually caused by coronary artery obstruction. |
| 心肌梗塞 Myocardial Infarction | 心肌因持續缺血而壞死，通常由冠狀動脈完全阻塞引起。 Necrosis of the myocardium due to sustained ischemia, typically caused by complete coronary artery blockage. |
| 心肌缺氧 Myocardial Hypoxia | 心肌因缺乏氧氣而受損，可能由多種原因引起，如呼吸系統疾病。 Damage to the myocardium due to lack of oxygen, which can be caused by various factors such as respiratory diseases. |
| 低電位 Low Voltage | 心電圖波幅較低，可能由肥胖、胸腔積液或其他原因引起。 Lower amplitude of ECG waves, which can be caused by obesity, pleural effusion, or other reasons. |
| WPW症候群 Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome | 一種先天性心臟病，特徵是心房與心室間有異常的傳導通路。 A congenital heart condition characterized by an abnormal conduction pathway between the atria and ventricles. |
| 心室早期收縮 Premature Ventricular Contraction (VPC) | 心室在正常心跳周期前的異常收縮。 Abnormal contraction of the ventricles before the normal heartbeat cycle. |
| 心房早期收縮 Premature Atrial Contraction (APC) | 心房在正常心跳周期前的異常收縮。 Abnormal contraction of the atria before the normal heartbeat cycle. |
| 陣發性心室上心搏過速 Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia (PSVT) | 突發且短暫的心室上心搏過速。 Sudden and short episodes of supraventricular tachycardia. |
| 竇性心律不整 Sinus Arrhythmia | 由竇房結發出的心律不規則。 Irregular heart rhythm originating from the sinoatrial node. |
| 竇性心搏過速 Sinus Tachycardia | 心跳過快，通常每分鐘超過100次，由竇房結控制。 Abnormally fast heartbeat, usually over 100 beats per minute, controlled by the sinoatrial node. |
| 竇性心搏過緩 Sinus Bradycardia | 心跳過慢，通常每分鐘少於60次，由竇房結控制。 Abnormally slow heartbeat, usually less than 60 beats per minute, controlled by the sinoatrial node. |
| 心房心室傳導阻滯 (房室傳導阻滯) Atrioventricular Block (AV Block) | 心房與心室之間的電信號傳導受阻。 Impaired electrical signal conduction between the atria and ventricles. |
| 右心束支傳導阻滯 Right Bundle Branch Block (RBBB) | 右束支的電信號傳導受阻。 Impaired electrical signal conduction in the right bundle branch. |
| 左心束支傳導阻滯 Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB) | 左束支的電信號傳導受阻。 Impaired electrical signal conduction in the left bundle branch. |
| 右心房肥大 Right Atrial Enlargement | 右心房增大，可能由肺動脈高壓等原因引起。 Enlargement of the right atrium, which may be caused by pulmonary hypertension, among other reasons. |
| 右心室肥大 Right Ventricular Hypertrophy | 右心室壁增厚，通常由肺動脈高壓引起。 Thickening of the right ventricular wall, usually due to pulmonary hypertension. |
| 左心房肥大 Left Atrial Enlargement | 左心房增大，常見於高血壓或瓣膜疾病。 Enlargement of the left atrium, commonly seen in hypertension or valvular diseases. |
| 左心室肥大 Left Ventricular Hypertrophy | 左心室壁增厚，常見於高血壓或主動脈瓣狹窄。 Thickening of the left ventricular wall, commonly seen in hypertension or aortic valve stenosis. |
| 交界性心律 Junctional Rhythm | 由房室結或鄰近區域發出的心律。 Heart rhythm originating from the atrioventricular node or adjacent areas. |
| 早期再極化 Early Repolarization | 心肌較早地開始再極化過程，常見於健康年輕人。 Earlier than normal repolarization of the myocardium, often seen in healthy young individuals. |
| 心房顫動 Atrial Fibrillation | 心房無序且快速地收縮，導致心臟功能失調。 Chaotic and rapid contraction of the atria, leading to compromised heart function. |
| 心軸偏右 Right Axis Deviation | 心電圖上電軸向右偏移，可能由右心室肥大等原因引起。 Rightward shift of the electrical axis on the ECG, which can be caused by right ventricular hypertrophy and other conditions. |
| 心軸偏左 Left Axis Deviation | 心電圖上電軸向左偏移，常見於左心室肥大或左前分支傳導阻滯。 Leftward shift of the electrical axis on the ECG, commonly seen in left ventricular hypertrophy or left anterior fascicular block. |
| QRS波變寬 Wide QRS Complex | QRS波寬度增加，可能由束支傳導阻滯或心室異位搏動引起。 Increased width of the QRS complex, which can be caused by bundle branch block or ventricular ectopic beats. |
| ST波下降 ST Depression | ST段低於基線，常見於心肌缺血。 ST segment is below the baseline, commonly seen in myocardial ischemia. |
| ST段上升 ST Elevation | ST段高於基線，通常提示急性心肌梗塞。 ST segment is above the baseline, usually indicating acute myocardial infarction. |
| 非特異性ST-T波變化 Nonspecific ST-T Changes | ST段和T波的變化無特異性，可能由多種原因引起。 Nonspecific changes in the ST segment and T wave, which can be caused by various factors. |
| T波倒置 T Wave Inversion | T波倒置，可能由心肌缺血或其他原因引起。 Inversion of the T wave, which can be caused by myocardial ischemia or other reasons. |
| 高T波 Tall T Wave | T波增高，可能由高血鉀或急性心肌梗塞引起。 Tall T wave, which can be caused by hyperkalemia or acute myocardial infarction. |
| R波漸近變化異常 Abnormal R Wave Progression | R波隨胸導聯變化異常，可能由心肌梗塞引起。 Abnormal progression of the R wave across precordial leads, which can be caused by myocardial infarction. |
| delta 波 Delta Wave | WPW症候群的特徵波形，顯示異常傳導通路。 Characteristic waveform of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, indicating an abnormal conduction pathway. |
| QT 波延長 Prolonged QT Interval | QT間期延長，增加心律失常的風險。 Prolonged QT interval, increasing the risk of arrhythmias. |
| 雙相型T波 Biphasic T Wave | T波呈雙相，可能由心肌缺血或其他原因引起。 Biphasic T wave, which can be caused by myocardial ischemia or other reasons. |
| J波出現 J Wave | J波出現，可能由低體溫或其他原因引起。 Appearance of J wave, which can be caused by hypothermia or other reasons. |
| U波出現 U Wave | U波出現，可能由低鉀血症或其他原因引起。 Appearance of U wave, which can be caused by hypokalemia or other reasons. |
