戰勝「國病」！
給台灣人的全方位病毒性肝炎防治指南 Defeating the “National Disease”!
A Comprehensive Guide to Viral Hepatitis Prevention for Taiwanese
肝炎，曾是籠罩許多台灣家庭的「國病」陰影。但今天，我們要與您分享一個好消息：這場戰役，我們正在贏！ Hepatitis was once the “national disease” that cast a shadow over many families in Taiwan. But today, we want to share some good news with you: We are winning this battle!
隨著B肝疫苗的普及和C肝神藥的問世，台灣在肝炎防治上取得了舉世矚目的成就。肝炎不再是無解的宿命。 With the widespread use of the Hepatitis B vaccine and the advent of powerful Hepatitis C medications, Taiwan has achieved remarkable success in hepatitis prevention. Hepatitis is no longer an insurmountable fate.
這份指南，就是要帶您了解A、B、C、D、E這五種肝炎病毒的「底細」，以及我們如何運用科學的武器，全面守護自己和家人的肝臟健康！ This guide is designed to help you understand the “details” of the five types of hepatitis viruses—A, B, C, D, and E—and how we can use scientific weapons to fully protect our liver health and that of our families!
認識肝炎家族的五兄弟：A、B、C、D、E 型肝炎大解析 Meet the Five Brothers of the Hepatitis Family: A, B, C, D, and E
A型和E型肝炎：「飲食衛生組」 Hepatitis A and E: The “Food Hygiene Group”
這兩兄弟是標準的「病從口入」，主要透過受污染的食物和水傳播。預防它們最簡單也最有效的方法就是：勤洗手、不生食、不生飲！A肝通常會自己好，不會變慢性。E肝對大多數人也是急性感染，但對孕婦特別危險，可能引發猛爆性肝炎，需要格外小心。 These two viruses are typically transmitted “orally,” mainly through contaminated food and water. The simplest and most effective way to prevent them is: wash your hands frequently, don’t eat raw food, and don’t drink unboiled water! Hepatitis A usually resolves on its own and does not become chronic. Hepatitis E is also an acute infection for most people, but it is especially dangerous for pregnant women, potentially causing fulminant hepatitis, so extra caution is needed.
B型和D型肝炎：「血液體液組」 Hepatitis B and D: The “Blood and Body Fluid Group”
B肝主要透過母嬰垂直傳染，以及血液、體液接觸傳播。而D型肝炎是個「跟屁蟲」，它必須依附在B肝病毒身上才能作亂。所以，只要預防了B肝，就等於同時防堵了D肝！ Hepatitis B is mainly transmitted through vertical transmission from mother to infant, as well as through contact with blood and body fluids. Hepatitis D is a “follower” that must attach itself to the Hepatitis B virus to cause trouble. Therefore, by preventing Hepatitis B, you are also simultaneously preventing Hepatitis D!
C型肝炎：可以被治癒的敵人 Hepatitis C: The Enemy That Can Be Cured
C肝主要經由血液傳播，例如共用針具、不安全的輸血（1992年前）等。過去，C肝是個難纏的對手。但現在，我們有了「C肝神藥」（全口服抗病毒藥），療程短、副作用低，治癒率更高達98%以上！C肝，已經是可以治癒的疾病！ Hepatitis C is mainly transmitted through blood, such as by sharing needles or through unsafe blood transfusions (before 1992). In the past, Hepatitis C was a difficult opponent. But now, we have the “miracle cure for Hep C” (all-oral antiviral drugs), with a short treatment course, low side effects, and a cure rate of over 98%! Hepatitis C is now a curable disease!
我們的「武器庫」：各型肝炎的治療策略 Our “Arsenal”: Treatment Strategies for Each Type of Hepatitis
- A型和E型肝炎：沒有特效藥，身體的免疫系統是最好的醫生。多休息、補充營養，通常會自行康復。 Hepatitis A and E: There are no specific medications, so the body’s immune system is the best doctor. With plenty of rest and nutrition, you will usually recover on your own.
- B型肝炎：目標是「控制，而非根治」。現有的口服抗病毒藥物能有效抑制病毒複製，大幅降低肝硬化和肝癌的風險，但通常需要長期服藥。所有B肝帶原者，最重要的功課就是「定期追蹤」！ Hepatitis B: The goal is to “control, not cure.” Existing oral antiviral drugs can effectively suppress viral replication, significantly reducing the risk of liver cirrhosis and liver cancer, but they usually require long-term use. For all Hepatitis B carriers, the most important task is “regular monitoring”!
- C型肝炎：目標是「徹底治癒」！健保給付的全口服新藥，療程僅需8-12週，就能將病毒清除乾淨。 Hepatitis C: The goal is a “complete cure”! The new all-oral medications covered by health insurance can clear the virus in just 8-12 weeks.
- D型肝炎：目前沒有特效藥，治療重點在於控制好B肝。 Hepatitis D: There is currently no specific medication. The focus of treatment is on effectively controlling Hepatitis B.
最強大的防護罩：疫苗接種計畫 The Strongest Shield: Vaccination Programs
B型肝炎疫苗：台灣的驕傲，終結B肝世代的偉大工程 Hepatitis B Vaccine: Taiwan’s Pride, a Great Project to End the Hepatitis B Era
台灣自1984年起，領先全球為新生兒全面接種B肝疫苗。這項計畫取得了驚人的成功，讓台灣年輕一代的B肝帶原率從過去的10-15%，驟降至1%以下，是世界公認的公衛典範！ Since 1984, Taiwan has been a global leader in providing universal Hepatitis B vaccination for newborns. This program has been an astonishing success, reducing the Hepatitis B carrier rate among Taiwan’s younger generation from 10-15% to less than 1%, and is a world-renowned public health model!
A型肝炎疫苗：保護我們的下一代 Hepatitis A Vaccine: Protecting Our Next Generation
A肝疫苗也已納入兒童常規接種，為幼兒提供長期的保護力。此外，對於沒有抗體的成人，若要前往流行地區，或屬於高風險族群，也建議自費接種。 The Hepatitis A vaccine has also been included in routine childhood immunizations, providing long-term protection for young children. Additionally, for adults without antibodies who plan to travel to endemic areas or belong to high-risk groups, self-funded vaccination is recommended.
國家級的「健康防衛網」：政府的防治總動員 A National “Health Defense Network”: The Government’s Prevention Mobilization
為了達成2025年消除C肝的目標，台灣政府佈下了天羅地網： To achieve the goal of eliminating Hepatitis C by 2025, the Taiwanese government has set up a comprehensive network:
- 主動出擊的篩檢服務：國健署提供45至79歲民眾（原住民提早至40歲）終身一次免費的B、C肝篩檢。這是找出潛在帶原者的最重要管道！ Proactive Screening Services: The Health Promotion Administration offers a one-time free screening for Hepatitis B and C for citizens aged 45 to 79 (and Indigenous people from age 40). This is the most crucial channel for finding potential carriers!
- 佛心的健保給付：無論是B肝的長期控制藥物，還是C肝的根治新藥，健保都有廣泛給付，大大減輕了民眾的負擔。 Generous NHI Coverage: Both long-term control medications for Hepatitis B and the new curative drugs for Hepatitis C are widely covered by National Health Insurance, significantly easing the financial burden on the public.
- 高風險族群追蹤計畫：對於已知的B、C肝患者，衛生單位會主動提醒您定期回診追蹤，確保您的肝臟健康。 High-Risk Group Follow-up Programs: For known Hepatitis B and C patients, health authorities will proactively remind you to schedule regular follow-up appointments to ensure your liver health is monitored.
量身打造的守護：特定族群的保障策略 Tailored Protection: Safeguarding Strategies for Specific Populations
孕婦與新生兒：「零B肝寶寶」計畫 Pregnant Women and Newborns: The “Hepatitis B-Free Babies” Program
台灣已建立完善的母嬰垂直傳染阻斷計畫。帶原的媽媽在孕期可以接受抗病毒藥物治療，寶寶出生後立刻接種疫苗和免疫球蛋白，雙重保護下，幾乎可以完全杜絕B肝的代代相傳。 Taiwan has established a comprehensive program to prevent vertical transmission from mother to infant. Carrier mothers can receive antiviral medication during pregnancy, and newborns are immediately given a vaccine and immune globulin at birth. This dual protection has made it possible to almost completely stop the intergenerational transmission of Hepatitis B.
孕媽咪打疫苗，一人接種，兩人受惠！ Moms Get Vaccinated, Two Benefit!
最棒的是，媽媽體內產生的抗體，還能透過胎盤傳給寶寶，成為寶寶出生後前6個月最珍貴的「被動免疫保護傘」！ The best part is that the antibodies produced in the mother can also be passed to the baby through the placenta, becoming the baby’s most precious “passive immune umbrella” for the first 6 months of life!
其他高風險族群 Other High-Risk Groups
對於注射藥癮者、原住民族群、愛滋病患等，政府也都有量身打造的減害、篩檢與治療銜接計畫，目標是達成健康平權，不遺漏任何一個人。 The government also has tailored harm reduction, screening, and treatment programs for other high-risk groups, such as injection drug users, indigenous populations, and HIV patients. The goal is to achieve health equity and leave no one behind.
結論：邁向「零肝炎」的未來，我們都是關鍵一份子 Conclusion: Towards a “Hepatitis-Free” Future, We Are All Key Players
台灣在對抗病毒性肝炎的戰役中，已經取得了輝煌的戰果。B肝的威脅在新世代中大幅降低，C肝也已成為可以治癒的疾病。 Taiwan has achieved brilliant results in the battle against viral hepatitis. The threat of Hepatitis B has been significantly reduced in the new generation, and Hepatitis C has become a curable disease.
然而，戰役尚未完全結束。仍有許多未被發現的慢性帶原者需要我們去找出並給予協助。同時，我們也面臨著脂肪肝等非病毒性肝病的新挑戰。 However, the battle is not yet completely over. There are still many undiscovered chronic carriers who need to be found and helped. At the same time, we face new challenges from non-viral liver diseases, such as fatty liver.
請響應政府的篩檢政策，了解自己的肝臟狀況。如果您是帶原者，請務必定期追蹤。讓我們一起努力，共同守護國人的肝臟健康，讓「肝炎不再是國病」的願景，在我們這一代真正實現！ Please respond to the government’s screening policies and understand your liver health. If you are a carrier, be sure to undergo regular follow-ups. Let’s work together to protect the liver health of our people and make the vision of “hepatitis no longer a national disease” a reality in our generation!
